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Objective:To observe the effect of rhGLP-1 (7-36) on Akt/GSK3 signaling pathway in hepatocytes.Methods:Human HL7702 cell line was cultured to the logarithmic growth stage and divided into experimental group and blank control group. The cultures were incubated with 100nM medium containing rhglp-1 (7-36) and without rhglp-1 (7-36) for 90min. The levels of Akt, Glycogen synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) and Glycogen synthase (GS) in the two groups were detected by Western Blot.Results:Compared with blank control group, the protein expression of p-Akt (Thr308) in experimental group (1.81±0.28) was significantly increased ( P=0.01), but the protein expression of Akt and p-Akt (Ser473) was not significantly changed. The protein expression levels of p-GSK3α (Ser21) (1.27±0.09) and p-GSK3β (Ser9) (1.24±0.09) in the experimental group were significantly increased ( P=0.003, 0.002), while the protein expression levels of GSK3α and GSK3β were not significantly changed. The protein expression level of p-GS (Ser641) (0.70±0.16) was decreased in the experimental group ( P=0.03), but the protein expression level of GS did not change significantly. Conclusion:Glp-1 can inhibit GSK3/GS signaling pathway, activate GS activity and promote glycogen synthesis.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of self-made Bushen Jiangu Decoction on bone transformation markers in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture after operation, and to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Methods:Prospective cohort study. A total of 92 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture after operation in Fangshan Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from April 2020 to December 2021 who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups by random drawing method, with 46 in each group. The control group was treated with routine western medicine after operation, and the observation group was treated with self-made Bushen Jiangu Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 3 months. TCM symptom scores were performed before and after treatment, and the prognosis of the patients was evaluated with the Chinese Osteoporosis Quality of Life (COQOL), VAS scale, and the Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI). The levels of amino terminal propeptide (PINP), cross-linked terminal peptide β special sequence (β-CTX) and bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) of type Ⅰ procollagen were determined by contrast chromogenic method with o-benzaldehyde. The adverse reactions during treatment were recorded and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate was 95.7% (44/46) in the observation group and 82.6% (38/46) in the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups ( χ 2=4.04 , P=0.044). After treatment, the scores of fracture nonunion, pain in back and loin, chilliness and lassitude, and pallor in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 4.84, 4.09, 4.87, 4.14, respectively, P<0.01). The scores of COQOL, VAS and ODI in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 6.26, 10.57 and 6.15, respectively, P<0.01). The levels of PINP [(44.93±5.86)μg/L vs. (49.76±6.02)μg/L, t=3.90] and β-CTX [(0.49±0.17) μg/L vs. (0.68±0.20) μg/L, t=4.91] in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment ( P<0.05). The level of BMP6 [(81.23±9.14) μg/L vs. (75.14±8.25) μg/L, t=3.36] in observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). During the treatment,the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 13.0% (6/46), while that in the control group was 8.7% (4/46), and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ 2=0.45, P=0.503). Conclusion:The self-made Bushen Jiangu Decoction combined with conventional western medicine therapy can adjust the level of bone transformation markers in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, improve the lumbar function and quality of life, and improve the clinical efficacy.
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With the development of technologies such as gene editing, artificial intelligence, and big data, cutting-edge technologies have brought increasing ethical risks in medical research, and the ability to protect subjects has become increasingly inadequate. However, the current means of ethical governance are relatively weak, the ethical awareness of researchers is not strong, and existing ethical governance methods can no longer meet the needs of new technological developments. Therefore, combined with the Guidelines to Strengthen Governance over Ethics in Science and Technology issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council in March 2022, this paper proposed that subject protection needed to be improved from the following aspects: improving regulations and systems, strengthening the construction of ethics committees, conducting research on ethical governance methods, raising the quality of ethics committees, constructing regional ethics systems, and improving the ethical literacy of researchers. To carry out the above work, it is necessary for the government, ethical professional organizations, research institutions, biomedical enterprises, medical institutions, and the public to explore the "ethical pre-examination" management model with the concept of "prevention", so as to improve the subject protection in the modern society with the continuous development of new technologies.
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) combined with repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) on ankle motor function and balance of stroke patients. MethodsFrom April, 2022 to March, 2023, 96 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College were randomly divided into control group (n = 32), rPMS group (n = 32) and combined group (n = 32). The control group received conventional rehabilitation; rPMS group received rPMS on the basis of the control group; and the combined group received HBOT on the basis of rPMS group, for two weeks. Before and after treatment, the plantar weight-bearing ratio of the affected side, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), active range of motion (AROM) of ankle dorsiflexion of the affected side, and integrated electromyographic (iEMG) values during maximum isometric contraction of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles were measured. ResultsTwo cases dropped out in each group, and 90 cases were finally included, and no adverse events occurred during treatment. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in plantar weight-bearing ratio of the affected side, BBS score, AROM of ankle dorsiflexion of the affected side, and iEMG of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius among three groups (F < 2.070, P > 0.05). After treatment, all the indicators significantly improved in all the groups (|t| > 27.004, P < 0.001), and they were better in the combined group than in rPMS group and the control group (P < 0.001); except the proportion of plantar weight-bearing on the affected side, the other indicators were better in rPMS group than in the control group (P < 0.001). ConclusionrPMS can promote the recovery of ankle motor function and balance of stroke patients, and the effect combining with HBOT is better.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy of different volume of ropivacaine for subomohyiod anterior suprascapular nerve block (aSSNB) in the patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery with general anesthesia.Methods:One hundred and thirty-five patients of either sex, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index of 18-30 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery, were divided into 3 groups ( n=45 each) using a random number table method: 0.5% ropivacaine 5 ml group (L group), 10 ml group (M group), and 15 ml group (H group). Before induction, aSSNB was performed with 0.5% ropivacaine 5, 10 and 15 ml in L, M and H groups, respectively.Diaphragmatic excursion, occurrence and degree of diaphragmatic paralysis, decrease in SpO 2, dyspnea and Horner syndrome were recorded at 30 min after injection.The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil and cardiovascular events were recorded.The extubation time, length of post-anesthesia care unit stay, and duration of sensory block were recorded.Quality of Recovery-15 scale score and score for patient′s satisfaction with analgesia were recorded.The first pressing time of analgesic pump, effective pressing frequency of analgesic pump, requirement for rescue analgesia, nausea, vomiting and nerve block-related complications within 24 h after surgery were recorded. Results:Compared with group L, the incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis was significantly increased, the degree of diaphragmatic paralysis was aggravated, the first pressing time of analgesic pump and duration of sensory block were prolonged, the effective pressing times of analgesic pump was reduced, and the requirement for rescue analgesia was decreased in M and H groups, and the decrease in SpO 2 was significantly increased, and the introperative consumption of remifentanil was decreased in group H ( P<0.05). Compared with group M, the decrease in SpO 2 and incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis were significantly increased, the degree of diaphragmatic paralysis was aggravated, the first pressing time of analgesic pump and duration of sensory block were prolonged ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the introperative consumption of remifentanil, the effective pressing times of analgesic pump or requirement for rescue analgesia in group H ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of cardiovascular events, score for patient′s satisfaction with analgesia, incidence of dyspnea and extubation time, length of post-anesthesia care unit stay, Quality of Recovery-15 sacle score, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting among three groups ( P>0.05). There were no Horner syndrome and nerve block-related complications in the three groups. Conclusions:Subomohyoid aSSNB with 0.5% ropivacaine hydrochloride 10 ml provides optimal efficacy when used for subomohyiod anterior suprascapular nerve block in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery with general anesthesia.
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Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(V-V ECMO)in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)caused by Pneumocystis pneumonitis(PJP)after kidney transplantation(KT).Methods:Cal data of 9 KT recipients on V-V ECMO were retrospectively analyzed. Timing of V-V ECMO support, complications during treatment and V-V ECMO performance were summarized.Results:All 9 patients with confirmed PJP adopted V-V ECMO with oxygenation index of 25~92 prior to V-V ECMO and average time from admission to initiating V-V ECMO was 5.56(1~17)days. Except for one death from hemorrhagic shock due to abdominal hemorrhage, the remainders were successfully weaned. Another recipient died from sepsis after weaning and there were 7 survivors. V-V ECMO support time was 215.5 h among 8 successfully weaned recipients. Among 7 survivors, 1 had premorbid deterioration of graft function and no fatal complications occurred.Conclusions:V-V ECMO is an effective treatment for severe ARDS caused by P. pneumoniae post-KT. And its early application is recommended for reducing complications and improving patient prognosis.
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Pelvic floor dysfunction disease has a high incidence in women after pregnancy. During this special physiological period of women pregnancy, posture of woman pelvis will change, and the pelvic biomechanics will change as well. Such mechanical changes will bring corresponding diseases. The relationship between dynamic changes and occurrence of functional disorders were discussed, the influences of changes in abdominal pelvic mechanics on the pelvic floor after pregnancy were summarized, and the high risk factors of pelvic floor dysfunction （PFD） were investigated, so as to provide the optimal treatment plans and method for pelvic floor rehabilitation treatment.
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Background@#Blackened intestines in slaughtered pigs have been commonly observed in China in recent years. However, no cause has been reported. @*Objectives@#We attempted to determine whether the blackening of the pig intestine was related to an excess of copper (Cu) in their feed. @*Methods@#In this study, we observed and collected porcine intestines in small- and large-scale pig slaughterhouses in Shandong province from May to October 2018. Twelve types of metal ions were detected in the black intestinal samples. @*Results@#The Cu level in the intestine samples was mostly higher than the Chinese national limit for food. Further study showed that Cu supplementation in most commercial porcine feed also exceeded the national standard. An animal model (mouse) that could mimic the intestinal blackening in pigs was established. Compared to control mice, Cu accumulated in the liver and intestines of mice fed an excessive Cu level, confirming the excessive Cu in the feed may be considered the major cause of blackened porcine intestines. Microscopic examination revealed that black intestines had many particles containing Cu in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa, and the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells showed degeneration and necrosis. @*Conclusions@#In conclusion, overuse of Cu in animal feed can lead to animal poisoning and Cu accumulation in animal products. Such overuse not only harms the health of livestock but can also affect public health.
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Background@#Blackened intestines in slaughtered pigs have been commonly observed in China in recent years. However, no cause has been reported. @*Objectives@#We attempted to determine whether the blackening of the pig intestine was related to an excess of copper (Cu) in their feed. @*Methods@#In this study, we observed and collected porcine intestines in small- and large-scale pig slaughterhouses in Shandong province from May to October 2018. Twelve types of metal ions were detected in the black intestinal samples. @*Results@#The Cu level in the intestine samples was mostly higher than the Chinese national limit for food. Further study showed that Cu supplementation in most commercial porcine feed also exceeded the national standard. An animal model (mouse) that could mimic the intestinal blackening in pigs was established. Compared to control mice, Cu accumulated in the liver and intestines of mice fed an excessive Cu level, confirming the excessive Cu in the feed may be considered the major cause of blackened porcine intestines. Microscopic examination revealed that black intestines had many particles containing Cu in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa, and the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells showed degeneration and necrosis. @*Conclusions@#In conclusion, overuse of Cu in animal feed can lead to animal poisoning and Cu accumulation in animal products. Such overuse not only harms the health of livestock but can also affect public health.
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The incidence of childhood inflammatory bowel disease has gradually increased in recent years.The disease is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disease, and its susceptible age is school age, which seriously affects the growth and development of children and brings psychological and spiritual trauma.The etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is unclear, but with the in-depth study of the intestinal flora in recent years, it has been shown that intestinal flora imbalance plays an important role in the occurrence and development of the disease, and it has also been widely confirmed in clinical practice.Therefore, people try to use probiotics in the treatment of children with inflammatory bowel disease.This article mainly reviews the progress of the application of probiotics, prebiotics, fecal bacteria transplantation and other microecological agent in children with inflammatory bowel disease, analyzes the therapeutic effects of probiotics on children with inflammatory bowel disease, and provides new ideas for clinical practice.
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In China, cardiovascular disease has become the main disease burden. To control cardiovascular diseases fundamentally, we should not only pay attention to treatment, but also control risk factors and vascular disease early.Vascular health management can detect subclinical vascular diseases.Through controlling risk factors, vascular function can be improved, and cardiovascular events can be prevented from the upstream.Peking University Shougang hospital is the first practitioner of vascular health management.In addition, it has explored the application of information technology and artificial intelligence in vascular health management.The life-long vascular health management and tertiary hospital-primary hospital-family service model carried out by Peking University Shougang hospital can better realize the prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases. Prevention and control strategy of cardiovascular diseases based on information technology and vascular health management can help the implement of " healthy China 2030" .
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Background@#Pseudorabies, also known as Aujeszky's disease, is caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV) and has been recognized as a critical disease affecting the pig industry and a wide range of animals around the world, resulting in great economic losses each year. Shandong province, one of the most vital food animal-breeding regions in China, has a very dense pig population, within which pseudorabies infections were detected in recent years. The data, however, on PRV epidemiology and coinfection rates of PRV with other major swine diseases is sparse. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to investigate the PRV epidemiology in Shandong and analyze the current control measures. @*Methods@#In this study, a total number of 16,457 serum samples and 1,638 tissue samples, which were collected from 362 intensive pig farms (≥ 300 sows/farm) covered all cities in Shandong, were tested by performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). @*Results@#Overall, 52.7% and 91.5% of the serum samples were positive for PRV-gE and -gB, respectively, based on ELISA results. In addition, 15.7% of the tissue samples were PCR positive for PRV. The coinfection rates of PRV with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and classical swine fever virus were measured; coinfection with PCV2 was 35.0%, higher than those of the other two viruses. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions were observed in various tissues during histopathological examination. @*Conclusions@#The results demonstrate the PRV prevalence and its coinfection rates in Shandong province and indicate that pseudorabies is endemic in pig farms in this region. This study provides epidemiological data that can be useful in the prevention and control of pseudorabies in Shandong, China.
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Purpose@#This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features and mutational landscape of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related advanced hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). @*Materials and Methods@#From January 2017 to December 2018, 38 patients newly diagnosed with HBV-related advanced HCC were enrolled in the final analysis. Their pathological tissues and corresponding blood samples before TACE treatment were collected for whole-exome sequencing. Response to TACE was evaluated at 1-3 months after two consecutive use of TACE. Predictive factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses in a bivariate Logistic regression model. Enrichment of related pathways of all driver genes were acquired using the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). @*Results@#Among 38 patients, 23 (60.5%) exhibited TACE failure/refractoriness. Patients with TACE failure/refractoriness showed higher frequency of TP53 mutation than their counterparts (p=0.020). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that only vascular invasion and TP53 mutation were significantly correlated with TACE failure/refractoriness in HBV-related advanced HCC. Of the 16 patients without vascular invasion, eight (50.0%) had TP53 mutations, and TP53 mutation was associated with TACE failure/refractoriness (p=0.041). Moreover, GSEA showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways induced by TP53 mutation were possibly associated with TACE failure/refractoriness. @*Conclusion@#Our study suggested that TP53 mutation was independently related with TACE efficacy, which may work via mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways. These findings may provide evidence to help distinguish patients who will particularly benefit from TACE from those who require more personalized therapeutic regimens and rigorous surveillance in HBV-related advanced HCC.
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Objective@#To investigate the principles of differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by analyzing one case of lymphoma who presented pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGO) after courses of chemotherapy.@*Methods@#Baseline demographics and clinicopathological data of eligible patients were retrieved from medical records. Information of clinical manifestations, history of epidemiology, lab tests and chest CT scan images of visiting patients from February 13 to February 28 were collected. Literatures about pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients were searched from databases including PUBMED, EMBASE and CNKI.@*Results@#Among the 139 cancer patients underwent chest CT scans before chemotherapy, pulmonary infiltrates were identified in eight patients (5.8%), five of whom were characterized as GGOs in lungs. 2019-nCoV nuclear acid testing was performed in three patients and the results were negative. One case was a 66-year-old man diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma and underwent CHOP chemotherapy regimen. His chest CT scan image displayed multiple GGOs in lungs and the complete blood count showed decreased lymphocytes. This patient denied any contact with confirmed/suspected cases of 2019-nCoV infection and without fever and other respiratory symptoms. Considering the negative result of nuclear acid testing, this patient was presumptively diagnosed as viral pneumonia and an experiential anti-infection treatment had been prescribed for him.@*Conclusions@#The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) complicates the clinical scenario of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients. The epidemic history, clinical manifestation, CT scan image and lab test should be combined consideration. The 2019-nCoV nuclear acid testing might be applicated in more selected patients. Active anti-infection treatment and surveillance of patient condition should be initiated if infectious disease is considered.
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Objective:To evaluate the role of ErbB2-interacting protein (Erbin) in muramyl dipeptide (MDP)-induced inflammatory responses in the macrophages of mice.Methods:Erbin gene knockout RAW264.7 cell line (Erbin -/ -RAW264.7) was constructed by CRISPR/CAS9 gene-editing technology.RAW264.7 cells were cultured in vitro.Each type of cells was divided into 2 groups ( n=16 each)by a random number table method: RAW264.7 group, RAW264.7 plus MDP group, erbin -/ -RAW264.7 group, and erbin -/ -RAW264.7 plus MDP group.In each MDP group, cells were incubated with 10 μg/ml MDP for 6 h, then immunofluorescence was used to determine the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the culture medium were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Compared with RAW264.7 group, the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture medium were significantly increased( P<0.05), NF-κB p65 moved to the nucleus, and the red fluorescence area was increased in RAW264.7+ MDP group.Compared with RAW264.7+ MDP group and Erbin -/- RAW264.7 group, the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture medium were significantly increased ( P<0.05), NF-κB p65 moved more markedly to the nucleus, and the red fluorescence area was increased in Erbin -/-RAW264.7+ MDP group. Conclusion:Erbin inhibits MDP-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages through inhibiting the activity of NF-κB p65 in mice.
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Objective@#To investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and occupational stress(OS) among street office staffs of a city in china.@*Methods@#A total of 504 street office staffs were collected by using stratified cluster sampling method from April to June in 2016, the international physical activity questionnaire(IPAQ) and job content questionnaire(JCQ) were used to survey the PA and OS.@*Results@#In all subjects, the average score of job demand was(3.57±0.83), job decision was(2.71±0.63), social support was (2.79±0.79), demand-control ratio was (1.35±0.47) and 75.60% felt OS in self-evaluation. There were significant differences in OS between subjects with different gender, ages, job rank and job hours (P<0.01), also, there were significant differences in OS between different levels of occupational and leisure related PA (P<0.01). After controlling the potentially confounding effects, compared with low PA group, the OR values of medium-level and high-level groups of occupation-related PA were 1.38(95%CI=1.21~1.94) and 2.21(95%CI=2.06~2.67) respectively, however, the OR values of the medium-level and high-level groups of leisure-related PA were 0.89(95%CI=0.73~1.12) and 0.67(95%CI=0.38~0.96) respectively.@*Conclusion@#Street office staffs have high level of OS, and leisure-related PA may be a protective factor for occupational stress.
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Objective To determine the feasibility of ultrasound to measure blood flow on patients with chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to find out a real-time, noninvasive hemodynamic evaluation method. Methods A prospective study was conducted. All adult patients undergoing CPR admitted to Department of Emergency and intensive care unit (ICU) of Zhengzhou People＇s Hospital from May 2016 to November 2018 were enrolled. The blood flow over the right carotid arteries during chest compressions was recorded with a bedside ultrasound machine. The peak systolic flow velocity (PSV) and end diastolic flow velocity (EDV) of carotid artery were recorded at 1 minute after the start of CPR and 1 minute before the end of CPR. The mean compression frequency during the whole recovery period was recorded, the rate of compression reaching the standard was evaluated by ultrasound (the rate of compression 100-120 times/min was defined as up to standard), and the interruption time of compression was calculated retrospectively according to the ultrasound image data recorded during CPR. Results Thirty-nine patients were enrolled, and 21 patients were successfully rescued, with a successful rate of 53.8%, the time of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was (10.9±5.3) minutes. The time from CPR to retrieve an ultrasound image was 1.1-4.9 minutes, with an average of (2.5±1.2) minutes. Satisfactory ultra-sonographic images were obtained in 28 patients during the whole course of chest compression. The acquisition rate was 71.8% (28/39). In the process of compression, if the frequency of compression was less than 100 times/min or the velocity of carotid artery dropped (PSV < 30 cm/s), the chest compressors should be reminded and corrected in time. The PSV at 1 minute after CPR start of 28 patients with satisfactory ultrasound images was (62.9±18.5) cm/s, and the EDV was (13.9±3.5) cm/s, the PSV at 1 minute before the end of CPR was (55.4±18.4) cm/s, and the EDV was (12.9±3.7) cm/s. There was no significant difference in above parameters between the two time points (both P > 0.05), suggesting that satisfactory resuscitation effect was achieved in the whole process of CPR. The compression frequency of 28 patients was 100-149 times/min with an average of (117±47) times/min. The rate of compression with standard was 85.7% (24/28), and the total interruption time of compression accounted for 4.4% of all compression time (25.9 minutes/587.2 minutes). Conclusion Ultrasound measurement of common carotid artery blood flow during CPR has the advantage of real-time and non-invasive, and it is feasible in clinical work.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) on the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury (LI) in rats.Methods Thirty SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 170-190 g,were divided into 3 groups (n =10each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),LPS-induced LI group (group LI)and PHCD group.LI was produced by injecting LPS 0.2 ml (5 mg/kg) via the trachea in anesthetized rats.PHCD 0.5 ml (2 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected at 1 h before establishing the model in group PHCD.Arterial blood samples were collected at 24 h after establishing the model for blood gas analysis and for determination of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Rats were then sacrificed,and the lungs were removed.The main bronchus was lavaged,and the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for calculation of the percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).Lung tissues were obtained for examination of pathological changes and for determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (by colorimetric assay),wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio),and expression of Cav-1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-sB) in nucleoprotein (by Western blot).Results Compared with group C,pH value and PaO2 were significantly decreased,the PaCO2,percentage of PMNs in BALF,W/D ratio and MPO activity were increased,the Car-1 expression was down-regulated,the expression of NF-κB in nucleoprotein was up-regulated,and the serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations were increased in group LI (P＜0.05).Compared with group LI,pH value and PaO2 were significantly increased,the PaCO2,percentage of PMNs in BALF,W/D ratio and MPO activity were decreased,the Cav-1 expression was up-regulated,the expression of NF-κB in nucleoprotein was down-regulated,and the serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations were decreased (P＜0.05),and the path ological changes of lung tissues were significantly attenuated in group PHCD (P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which PHC reduces LPS-induced LI may be related to up-regulating the expression of Cav-1 and mitigating inflammatory responses in lung tissues of rats.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block on cognitive function after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Methods Seventy-six patients, there is no restriction on gender, aged 50-75 years, falling into ASA physical statusⅡorⅢ, who provided informed consent for their participation in this study and underwent colorectal surgery under general anesthesia were divided into two groups (groups Q and C).Induction of anesthesia was induced by intravenous midazolam 0.03 mg/kg, sufentanil 0.5μg/kg, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and rocuronium 1 mg/kg in the two groups.Remifentanil 0.2-0.3μg·kg-1·min-1 and propofol 0.10-0.15 mg·kg-1·min-1 were maintained intravenously during anesthesia.0.375％ropivacaine 20 ml was injected between the psoas quadratus muscle and psoas major muscle under ultrasound guidance before extubation in group Q, only equal volume saline was given in group C.Neuropsychological tests were performed preoperatively as well as postoperative day 7.The postoperative pain was evaluated by VAS after surgery.The postoperative sleep quality was measured using a BIS-vista monitor.The changes of serum IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-αand CGRP levels were detected by ELISA at immediately after operation (T0), 1 hour (T1), 2 days (T2), 4 days (T3) and 7 days (T4) after operation.Results Seventy-six patients finished cognitive function tests (38 cases in group Q and 38 cases in group C), 12 cases (31.6％) were diagnosed as POCD in group C, 4 cases (10.5％) in group Q.Compared with group C, the incidence of POCD, VAS scores at 24 and 48 hours after operation in group Q were significantly lower (P<0.05), the sleeping time at night was longer, the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly lower at T2 and T3, and the serum levels of CGRP were significantly higher at T2-T4 (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion QLB treatment repaired the surgery induced early cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting the postoperative pain, excessive inflammatory response and improving the quality of sleep.